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Answer :
If 1. 70g of aniline reacts with 2. 10g of bromine, the theoretical yield of 4-bromoaniline (in grams) is approximately 10.76 grams.
The theoretical yield of 4-bromoaniline can be calculated based on the stoichiometry of the reaction between aniline and bromine. Aniline (C6H5NH2) reacts with bromine (Br2) to form 4-bromoaniline (C6H5NH2Br). The balanced equation for this reaction is:
C6H5NH2 + Br2 → C6H5NH2Br + HBr
From the balanced equation, we can determine the molar ratio between aniline and 4-bromoaniline. One mole of aniline reacts with one mole of 4-bromoaniline.
To calculate the moles of aniline and bromine in the given amounts, we use their respective molar masses. The molar mass of aniline (C6H5NH2) is approximately 93.13 g/mol, and the molar mass of bromine (Br2) is approximately 159.81 g/mol.
First, we calculate the moles of aniline:
moles of aniline = mass of aniline / molar mass of aniline
= 70 g / 93.13 g/mol
≈ 0.751 mol
Next, we determine the limiting reagent, which is the reactant that is completely consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed. The reactant that produces the lesser number of moles of product is the limiting reagent.
In this case, we compare the moles of aniline and bromine to determine the limiting reagent.
moles of bromine = mass of bromine / molar mass of bromine
= 10 g / 159.81 g/mol
≈ 0.0626 mol
The molar ratio between aniline and bromine is 1:1. Since the moles of bromine are lesser than the moles of aniline, bromine is the limiting reagent.
Now, we calculate the moles of 4-bromoaniline that can be formed, using the molar ratio from the balanced equation:
moles of 4-bromoaniline = moles of bromine (limiting reagent) = 0.0626 mol
Finally, we calculate the theoretical yield of 4-bromoaniline:
theoretical yield of 4-bromoaniline = moles of 4-bromoaniline × molar mass of 4-bromoaniline
≈ 0.0626 mol × (93.13 g/mol + 79.92 g/mol) (molar mass of 4-bromoaniline)
≈ 0.0626 mol × 173.05 g/mol
≈ 10.76 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of 4-bromoaniline is approximately 10.76 grams.
Learn more about bromoaniline:
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