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Answer :
Final answer:
Science relies on empirical evidence that is acquired by observation or experimentation. Inductive reasoning uses related observations to reach general conclusions, while deductive reasoning starts with a general theory and tests it through specific observations. So the correct answer is option A.
Explanation:
Science relies on empirical evidence, but it can be misleading because our senses can be fooled. The correct answer to this question is: a) Empirical evidence.
Empirical evidence is information that is acquired by observation or experimentation. This data is recorded and analyzed by scientists and is a central process in the scientific method. However, relying purely on our senses can sometimes be misleading due to various biases or misinterpretations. Therefore, the scientific method also involves rigorous testing, replication, peer review, and skepticism to validate findings.
Inductive reasoning is the type of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion. It contrasts with deductive reasoning, which begins with a general theory and arrives at a specific conclusion after considering the evidence.
The process of inductive reasoning involves collecting measurable evidence and making generalizations, whereas deductive reasoning starts with the theory and then tests it through observations and experiments. These methods are critical in developing scientific explanations, which must be subject to testing, pertain strictly to the physical world, and be judged based on objective observations.
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Rewritten by : Jeany
Final answer:
Science depends on empirical evidence gathered through observation, yet this can be misleading due to sensory errors. Scientific methods such as deductive and inductive reasoning help overcome this by providing a systematic approach to validate findings.
Explanation:
Science relies heavily on empirical evidence, which is collected through observation and experimentation. While empirical evidence is crucial to scientific inquiry, it can sometimes be misleading because our senses can be fooled or misinterpret data. Thus, scientists use additional methods such as the scientific method to ensure reliability. The scientific method is a process of systematically collecting and evaluating evidence to test ideas and answer questions. In contrast, logical thinking methods like deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning also play significant roles in scientific inquiry. Deductive reasoning begins with a general theory and leads to specific conclusions, while inductive reasoning starts from specific observations and aims to discover generalized principles. Together, their use in scientific methods keeps the inquiry consistent, explicit, and testable.
