Thank you for visiting Antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens is a growing problem across the globe Nearly three million cases of antibiotic resistant infections are estimated to occur each. This page is designed to guide you through key points and clear explanations related to the topic at hand. We aim to make your learning experience smooth, insightful, and informative. Dive in and discover the answers you're looking for!
Answer :
Final answer:
Horizontal gene transfer is a major mechanism driving antibiotic resistance in bacteria. It allows bacteria to acquire antibiotic resistance genes from other bacteria, even if they are not closely related. One specific pathogen that is commonly antibiotic resistant is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Explanation:
Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem worldwide, and one of the major mechanisms driving this resistance is horizontal gene transfer. This process allows bacteria to acquire antibiotic resistance genes from other bacteria, even if they are not closely related.
Horizontal gene transfer can occur through three main mechanisms: transformation, transduction, and conjugation. In transformation, bacteria take up free DNA from their environment. This DNA can contain antibiotic resistance genes, which are then incorporated into the bacterial genome. Transduction involves the transfer of genetic material through bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect bacteria. Bacteriophages can carry antibiotic resistance genes and transfer them to recipient bacteria during infection. Conjugation is the direct transfer of genetic material between bacteria through a physical connection called a pilus. This allows the transfer of plasmids, which are small, circular pieces of DNA that can contain antibiotic resistance genes.
One specific pathogen that is commonly antibiotic resistant is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a type of bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics, including methicillin, which is commonly used to treat Staphylococcus aureus infections. MRSA infections can be difficult to treat and can cause severe illness or even death.
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