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Which of the following statements regarding the transmission of pathogens from environmental surfaces is true? Please select all that apply.

A. Pathogens are spread by contact with contaminated surfaces.

B. Occupying a room after a resident who is colonized or infected with a pathogen like C. difficile places that resident at higher risk for acquiring C. difficile.

C. Extensive contact (>2-3 minutes) is necessary for staff hands to become contaminated with pathogens on environmental surfaces.

D. Few healthcare pathogens can survive for more than an hour on dry surfaces.

Answer :

Final answer:

Contact with contaminated surfaces can spread pathogens, making the first statement true. Occupying a room after an infected individual also poses a risk due to residual pathogens. However, significant contact time isn't necessary for contamination, and some pathogens can survive longer than an hour on surfaces.


Explanation:

Transmission of Pathogens from Environmental Surfaces

Pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria, can be transmitted through contact with contaminated environmental surfaces, making this statement true. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) often occur when healthcare workers or patients come into contact with surfaces that harbor these pathogens. For instance, C. difficile can survive on surfaces and contribute to the risk of infection among patients.

Another true statement is that occupying a room after a resident who is colonized or infected with a pathogen like C. difficile can place that new occupant at higher risk for acquiring the infection. This is primarily due to the spores that C. difficile can leave on surfaces, which are resistant to many common cleaning agents.

However, the assertion that extensive contact (>2-3 minutes) is required for staff hands to become contaminated with pathogens is misleading. Studies indicate that even brief contact can lead to contamination, especially if surfaces are heavily contaminated.

Lastly, the statement that few healthcare pathogens can survive for more than an hour on dry surfaces is often false. Many pathogens, including norovirus and C. difficile, can persist for longer periods, highlighting the importance of thorough cleaning and disinfection practices in healthcare settings.


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