Classification is the process of grouping data or phenomena in related classes. Climate classifications are an effort to formalize the statistical patterns and determine their implications to humans. Comparing the two principal climatic components—temperature and precipitation—reveals important relationships indicative of the distribution of climate types.

Koeppen's climate classification, based on temperature and precipitation data, is an empirical classification. The Koeppen system uses capital letters (A, B, C, D, E, and H) to designate climate categories. Five of the climate classifications are based upon thermal criteria and one on moisture conditions as well:

- A: Tropical (equatorial regions)
- C: Mesothermal (Mediterranean, humid subtropical, marine west coast regions)
- D: Microthermal (humid continental, subarctic regions)
- E: Polar (polar regions)
- B: Dry, the deserts and steppes (only category based on moisture as well as temperature)
- H: Highlands (compared to lowlands at the same latitude)

Assignment Part A:

Review the four climographs on page 2 and match them to the cities below. For each climograph, provide a city name and a climate type (the list of possible climate types is provided above; a climate type should contain a letter designation and a descriptive label).

a. Iquitos, Peru - 3° 39' S, 73° 18' W, elevation: 115 m
b. Yuma, USA - 32° 40′ N, 114° 40' W, elevation: 62 m
c. Calcutta, India - 22° 32′ N, 88° 22' E, elevation: 6 m
d. Miami, USA - 25° 45' N, 80° 11' W, elevation: 2 m

To match the climographs to the cities provided, we need to analyze the temperature and precipitation patterns depicted in the climographs. Based on the information given, let's determine the climate type for each city:

a. Iquitos, Peru - The climograph indicates high temperatures throughout the year with significant precipitation. It corresponds to the tropical (equatorial) climate, represented by the letter A.

b. Yuma, USA - The climograph shows hot and arid conditions with very low precipitation. It corresponds to the dry climate (desert or steppe), represented by the letter B.

c. Calcutta, India - The climograph indicates a monsoonal pattern with high temperatures and heavy precipitation during certain months. It corresponds to the mesothermal climate, specifically the humid subtropical category, represented by the letter C.

d. Miami, USA - The climograph shows high temperatures and relatively high precipitation levels throughout the year, suggesting a tropical or subtropical climate. It corresponds to the mesothermal climate, specifically the humid subtropical category, represented by the letter C.

So, the matches between the climographs and the cities are as follows:

a. Iquitos, Peru: Climate Type A - Tropical (equatorial)

b. Yuma, USA: Climate Type B - Dry (desert or steppe)

c. Calcutta, India: Climate Type C - Mesothermal (humid subtropical)

d. Miami, USA: Climate Type C - Mesothermal (humid subtropical)

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