Adaptive immune responses are activated when a macrophage engulfs and digests a pathogen and then displays a specific antigen on its surface. What is this antigen called?

Question

24-03-2025
Biology

High School

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Adaptive immune responses are activated when a macrophage engulfs and digests a pathogen and then displays a specific antigen on its surface. What is this antigen called?

Answer :

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Maxweli29 Maxweli29 · Answer 1 · 2023-09-25T20:06:38-04:00

Final answer:

The adaptive immune response is activated when a macrophage, which is an antigen-presenting cell (APC), engulfs a pathogen and presents a specific antigen on its surface via MHC-II molecules to T-lymphocytes.

Explanation:

Adaptive immune responses are activated when a macrophage engulfs and digests a pathogen and then displays a specific antigen on its surface. This process involves antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as macrophages, that capture, process, and present antigens to effector T-lymphocytes. After the macrophage digests the pathogen, the microbial peptides are bound to MHC-II molecules and displayed on the surface of the macrophage. This allows T-cell receptors (TCR) and CD4 molecules on the effector T-lymphocytes to recognize the antigen-presenting MHC II molecules, which leads to the activation of the adaptive immune response.In the process of adaptive immune responses, a macrophage engulfs and digests a pathogen, then displays a specific antigen on its surface along with an MHC II molecule. Lymphocytes of the adaptive immune response interact with this antigen-embedded MHC II to mature into functional immune cells.