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Avoiding the mixture of certain kinds of ________________ prevents adverse transfusion reactions.

a) Blood types; Plasma
b) Medications; Antibiotics
c) Food; Allergens
d) Fluids; Chemicals

Answer :

Final answer:

To prevent adverse transfusion reactions, it is crucial to avoid mixing incompatible blood types. The surface antigens on erythrocytes can cause an immune response if they are foreign to the receiver, which is why ensuring blood type compatibility is essential in transfusions. Type O blood is often used as a universal donor in emergencies because it lacks A and B antigens.option A is correct.

Explanation:

Avoiding the mixture of certain kinds of blood types prevents adverse transfusion reactions. The correct answer is a) Blood types; Plasma. This is because erythrocytes (red blood cells) present in blood have specific marker molecules on their plasma membranes that denote a person's blood type. These markers are known as antigens, and the presence or absence of these antigens determines an individual's blood group. Each blood type has corresponding antibodies in the plasma that will react if they encounter foreign antigens. This is why matching blood types between donors and recipients is crucial to prevent hemolysis and agglutination—the clumping of blood cells which can lead to dangerous transfusion reactions.

For example, someone with type A blood has A antigens on their erythrocytes and will have anti-B antibodies in their plasma. If they receive type B blood, the anti-B antibodies will react with the B antigens on the transfused erythrocytes, causing a transfusion reaction. Thus, when a patient-donor matching occurs, healthcare professionals ensure the compatibility of ABO and Rh blood groups to avoid such adverse effects.

In emergency situations when a recipient's blood type can't be quickly determined, type O blood may be used because it lacks A and B antigens, minimizing the chance of a reaction. However, careful consideration must still be given to the Rh factor and any pre-existing antibodies that could cause complications.

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