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Answer :
Final answer:
Federal motor vehicle safety standards do not specifically dictate how to regain control of a vehicle in a skid, but physics principles are applicable. The force to maintain constant speed and stopping distance depend on kinetic friction and the vehicle's coefficient of friction. Self-driving vehicle regulations are evolving, with the responsibility for regulation still being determined.
Explanation:
The federal motor vehicle safety standards do not provide specific instructions on how to regain control of a vehicle in a skid. Regaining control in a skid involves reducing speed, not panicking, and steering in the direction you want the vehicle to go. However, when discussing the dynamics of a skidding vehicle, physics principles, such as kinetic friction and stopping distance, become relevant. The force required to keep a car moving at a constant speed in a skid equals the kinetic friction force opposing the motion. Your stopping distance in a skid can vary based on speed, road conditions, and your vehicle's coefficient of friction. For a car to not skid, it requires a minimum coefficient of friction, which becomes especially critical in icy conditions where the road's slipperiness is increased. The centripetal force required to maintain a curved path without losing speed can be calculated based on the mass of the vehicle and the radius of the turn. The maximum horizontal force that can be applied before a car begins to skid is directly related to the coefficient of friction between the tires and the road surface.
Regarding self-driving vehicles, currently, there are no solid regulations set by federal government or states. The responsibility and authority to regulate these vehicles are still under discussion, as per Wired Magazine. Different amounts of autonomy are being tested, which includes automatic acceleration, speed controls, braking, and steering. The regulation of self-driving vehicles is an evolving area of law and engineering, underscoring the need for thoughtful and effective regulations to ensure safety and accountability.
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