High School

Thank you for visiting 29 Which type of genetic inheritance is exhibited by diseases like cystic fibrosis A Autosomal recessive B X linked dominant C Polygenic D Chromosomal aneuploidy30. This page is designed to guide you through key points and clear explanations related to the topic at hand. We aim to make your learning experience smooth, insightful, and informative. Dive in and discover the answers you're looking for!

29. Which type of genetic inheritance is exhibited by diseases like cystic fibrosis?
A) Autosomal recessive
B) X-linked dominant
C) Polygenic
D) Chromosomal aneuploidy

30. In a monohybrid cross between Aa x Aa, what is the probability of producing a homozygous dominant individual?
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 3/4
D) 0

31. A female carrier for color blindness mates with a normal male. Probability of color-blind sons?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%

32. Which concept explains differing phenotypes from the same genotype due to environmental stimuli?
A) Codominance
B) Phenotypic plasticity
C) Penetrance
D) Epistasis

33. Which form of mutation involves substitution of a single base in DNA?
A) Chromosomal translocation
B) Frameshift mutation
C) Point mutation
D) Deletion

34. The axial skeleton comprises which components?
A) Skull, vertebral column, rib cage
B) Humerus, femur, scapula
C) Pelvis, radius, tibia
D) Scapula, clavicle, sternum

35. Which mineral is critical for hydroxyapatite formation in bones?
A) Potassium
B) Calcium
C) Sodium
D) Magnesium

36. The neuromuscular junction is a synapse between:
A) Two muscle fibers
B) A neuron and tendon
C) A motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber
D) Two bones

37. During skeletal muscle contraction, ATP binds to:
A) Tropomyosin
B) Troponin
C) Myosin head
D) Sarcoplasmic reticulum

38. The pelvic girdle is part of which skeletal subdivision?
A) Axial skeleton
B) Appendicular skeleton
C) Cranial bones
D) Thoracic cage

39. Articular cartilage serves to:
A) Connect muscle to bone
B) Absorb shock and reduce joint friction
C) Generate bone marrow
D) Supply nutrients to muscle

Answer :

Let's go through each question step by step:

  1. Which type of genetic inheritance is exhibited by diseases like cystic fibrosis?

    • Answer: A) Autosomal recessive
    • Explanation: Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene found on chromosome 7. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning a child must inherit two copies of the faulty gene (one from each parent) to develop the disease. If a person has only one copy, they are a carrier but typically do not show symptoms.

  2. In a monohybrid cross between Aa x Aa, what is the probability of producing a homozygous dominant individual?

    • Answer: A) [tex]\frac{1}{4}[/tex]
    • Explanation: In a monohybrid cross of Aa x Aa, the possible offspring genotypes are AA, Aa, Aa, and aa. The probability of obtaining a homozygous dominant (AA) individual is 1 out of 4, which is [tex]\frac{1}{4}[/tex].

  3. A female carrier for color blindness mates with a normal male. Probability of color-blind sons?

    • Answer: C) 50%
    • Explanation: Color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait. A female carrier has one affected X chromosome (X [superscript] CB) and one normal one (X). Mating with a normal male (XY), half of their sons will inherit the X [superscript] CB from the mother and the Y from the father, making them color-blind.

  4. Which concept explains differing phenotypes from the same genotype due to environmental stimuli?

    • Answer: B) Phenotypic plasticity
    • Explanation: Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to environmental conditions. It allows the same genotype to produce different phenotypes depending on the environment.

  5. Which form of mutation involves substitution of a single base in DNA?

    • Answer: C) Point mutation
    • Explanation: A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide base pair in the DNA sequence. Substitution of one base for another can lead to changes in amino acids and possibly the function of proteins.

  6. The axial skeleton comprises which components?

    • Answer: A) Skull, vertebral column, rib cage
    • Explanation: The axial skeleton includes the bones along the central axis of the body. It consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

  7. Which mineral is critical for hydroxyapatite formation in bones?

    • Answer: B) Calcium
    • Explanation: Hydroxyapatite is a crystalline structure in bone composed mainly of calcium and phosphorus. Calcium is critical for bone strength and structure.

  8. The neuromuscular junction is a synapse between:

    • Answer: C) A motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber
    • Explanation: The neuromuscular junction is the site where a motor neuron communicates with a skeletal muscle fiber to initiate muscle contraction. It is a type of synapse.

  9. During skeletal muscle contraction, ATP binds to:

    • Answer: C) Myosin head
    • Explanation: During muscle contraction, ATP binds to the myosin head, causing it to release from the actin filament. This allows the cycle of muscle contraction to continue as the myosin heads can reattach and pull on actin filaments.

  10. The pelvic girdle is part of which skeletal subdivision?

    • Answer: B) Appendicular skeleton
    • Explanation: The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and girdles attached to the axial skeleton. The pelvic girdle is a part of this system, providing support and connection for the lower limbs.

  11. Articular cartilage serves to:

    • Answer: B) Absorb shock and reduce joint friction
    • Explanation: Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones in synovial joints, providing a smooth surface to reduce friction and absorb shock during movement, helping to prevent wear and tear on the bones.

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Rewritten by : Jeany

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