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Answer :
Final answer:
The 1930 study by Faris and Dunham linked birth in Chicago to schizophrenia. It was pivotal in showing the role of environment in mental health, bolstered by later studies such as Tienari et al. 2004, which showed gene-environment interaction in schizophrenia.
Explanation:
The 1930 classic study conducted by Robert E. Lee Faris and H. Warren Dunham linked birth in the inner city of Chicago to schizophrenia. This pioneering research highlighted the impact of urban environment on mental health and was a significant contribution to our understanding of the environmental factors in the etiology of schizophrenia. In particular, it suggested that certain stressful urban living conditions could interact with an individual's biological predisposition to increase the likelihood of developing schizophrenia.
Further studies, such as the one conducted by Tienari and colleagues in 2004, have expanded on this understanding, showing that adoptees whose biological mothers had schizophrenia were much more likely to develop the condition themselves if they were raised in a disturbed family environment, compared to adoptees from healthier family environments. The cumulative evidence supports the theory that schizophrenia results from a complex interplay between genetic vulnerability and environmental factors.
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Final answer:
The study that linked birth in an inner city to schizophrenia, by Faris and Dunham, was focused on Chicago. Subsequent research has supported the combined influence of genetics and environment on the development of schizophrenia.
Explanation:
The classic study conducted by Robert E. Lee Faris and H. Warren Dunham, which linked birth in an inner city to schizophrenia, was focused on the city of Chicago. This noteworthy 1930s research was part of a larger effort to understand the environmental and social factors associated with mental health disorders and has been foundational in the field of social psychiatry. Over time, further studies, such as those by Tienari et al., have reinforced the complex interactions between genetics and environment, indicating that individuals with a high genetic risk for schizophrenia are more likely to develop the condition if they are raised in disturbed family environments. It has become more evident that a combination of both genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors contributes to the development of schizophrenia, emphasising the importance of considering both aspects in understanding mental health.
