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Final answer:
Climate refers to the long-term average weather patterns of a region which are influenced by factors such as latitude, oceans, and mountains. Understanding climate and its changes is crucial since it affects life on Earth. A climograph is a tool that graphically represents climate data through average monthly temperature and precipitation.
Explanation:
What is Climate and Its Importance? Climate is defined as the average weather conditions at a particular place over a long period. Factors such as precipitation, temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, and wind contribute to climate, and understanding climate is crucial as it affects the well-being of all organisms on Earth. Climatology is the study of climate, and it integrates aspects of the lithosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere, involving complex and interdisciplinary scientific investigations. Latitude is a major determinant of climate because it influences the amount and intensity of solar radiation received by different parts of the Earth. Areas near the equator receive more direct sunlight year-round, leading to warmer climates, while higher latitudes receive less intense sunlight, resulting in cooler climates. Oceanic and Mountainous Influences on ClimateOceans greatly influence climate by storing and transporting heat, thus regulating temperatures and influencing weather patterns. Similarly, mountain ranges affect climate by altering wind and precipitation patterns. Their elevation can lead to cooler temperatures and can cause different weather conditions on their windward and leeward sides, known as the rain shadow effect.
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