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What is the purpose of a hand antiseptic?

A. To sterilize skin surfaces
B. To kill all pathogens on the hands
C. To reduce pathogens to safe levels
D. To reduce the conditions for pathogen growth

Answer :

Final answer:

Hand antiseptics' purpose is to reduce pathogens on the skin to safe levels. Overuse may disrupt normal skin flora and lead to resistance, while frequent hand washing remains the best defense against pathogens.

Explanation:

The purpose of a hand antiseptic is mainly to reduce pathogens to safe levels. Although ideally it would sterilize the skin surfaces entirely, no antiseptic can fully guarantee this. It's important to understand the difference between terms like disinfectant, antiseptic, and sterilant. A disinfectant is typically used on non-living objects to kill microorganisms while sterilants destroy all forms of microbial life. Antiseptics like hand sanitizers, on the other hand, are suitable for use on tissues like the skin for microbial control to prevent infection. They work by reducing the numbers of microorganisms on the skin to safe levels that won't cause illness.

However, it's important to balance the use of hand antiseptics, as overuse can possibly lead to increased risk of infection. This could occur if the regular use of antiseptics disrupts the normal flora of the skin, which is protective against certain pathogenic microorganisms. Also, some microbes may develop resistance to the antimicrobial agents in the antiseptic over time.

The most effective way to protect against many pathogens is frequent hand washing with soap and water, particularly after using the bathroom, handling raw meat or fish, and before eating or preparing food. Antimicrobial products are vital in health care settings and in situations where soap and water aren't available, hand antiseptics offer a useful alternative for reducing pathogens on our hands.

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