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California favors cooperative federalism, demonstrated by its legalization of recreational marijuana in 2017, despite federal restrictions. This reflects a collaborative state effort to implement policies that diverge from federal law. The trend indicates a growing state autonomy in defining laws related to social issues.
Explanation:
Understanding California's Approach to Federalism
California's legalization of recreational marijuana in 2017, despite it remaining illegal under federal law, is a striking example of cooperative federalism. This type of federalism is characterized by the collaboration between state and federal governments, where states may exercise powers that the federal government does not enforce.
In this case, California chose to regulate the sale and use of marijuana independently, reflecting a tension between state rights and federal authority. Cooperative federalism often allows states to go further than federal policies, especially in areas where public opinion favors reform. The legalization movement in California also represents wider trends in state-based policy experimentation that can influence federal policy over time.
Examples of Cooperative Federalism in California
- The California Compassionate Use Act (1996), which legalized medical marijuana.
- The Proposition 64 (2016), which led to the legalization of recreational marijuana.
- Continued state regulations that challenge federal marijuana enforcement policies.
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