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Answer :
Final answer:
SRP recognizes a signal sequence on the growing polypeptide and interacts with the SRP receptor in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. This interaction can be tested using an in vitro transcription-translation system and specific antibodies for SRP and its receptor.
Explanation:
The Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein that identifies and targets specific proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and the plasma membrane in prokaryotes. SRP recognizes a signal sequence on the growing polypeptide, halting its translation by the ribosome. SRP interacts with SRP receptor (SR) located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. After docking, the SRP is removed, translation resumes, and the polypeptide is threaded into the endoplasmic reticulum.
To test these interactions, you might use a process called in vitro transcription-translation system. This system can synthesize the polypeptide in a test tube. Then, antibodies specific for SRP and its receptor can be used to confirm their presence. If the polypeptide is produced but fails to bind with the SRP or localize to the endoplasmic reticulum when either the SRP or SR are blocked, this would indicate that they are necessary for that process.
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