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Why is the following situation impossible?

An air rifle is used to shoot particles of mass [tex]1.00 \, \text{g}[/tex] at a speed of [tex]v_x = 100 \, \text{m/s}[/tex]. The rifle's barrel has a diameter of [tex]2.00 \, \text{mm}[/tex]. The rifle is mounted on a perfectly rigid support so that it is fired in exactly the same way each time. However, because of the uncertainty principle, after many firings, the diameter of the spray of pellets on a paper target is [tex]1.00 \, \text{cm}[/tex].

Answer :

The given situation is impossible because it contradicts the principles of the uncertainty principle and classical mechanics.

The uncertainty principle, a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, states that there is an inherent limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties, such as position and momentum, can be simultaneously known. In this case, the uncertainty principle would apply to the particles being shot from the air rifle. The uncertainty in their position and momentum would prevent them from forming a tight and precise spray pattern on the target.

In classical mechanics, which governs the behavior of macroscopic objects, the trajectory of the particles shot from the air rifle should follow predictable and determinate paths based on their initial velocity and the absence of external forces. Therefore, even with the same conditions and perfectly rigid support, the particles would be expected to follow similar trajectories and produce a more concentrated pattern on the target.

The description of the spray of pellets having a diameter of 1.00 cm after many firings suggests a random and dispersed distribution of the particles, which contradicts the deterministic nature of classical mechanics.

Thus, the given situation is not consistent with the principles of the uncertainty principle and classical mechanics.

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