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The dipole moment of methanol is [tex]\mu = 1.70 \, \text{D}[/tex]. Indicate the direction in which electrons are displaced.

Answer :

Final answer:

The dipole moment in methanol is due to the difference in electronegativity of the atoms. As the oxygen atom is more electronegative, it attracts the bonded electron pair more strongly, causing a displacement of electrons towards the oxygen.

Explanation:

In the molecule of methanol, which has the formula CH3OH, the dipole moment (μ) is formed due to the difference in electronegativity of the atoms. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than carbon and hydrogen atoms, and therefore attracts the bonded electron pair more strongly. This creates a displacement of electrons towards the oxygen atom, from both the hydrogen (H) in the hydroxyl group and the carbon (C).

The hydroxyl group (OH) exhibits a stronger dipole than the remaining CH3 group due to the oxygen-hydrogen bond. Thus, overall, in methanol, the electrons are displaced towards the oxygen. This is represented by the dipole moment vector pointing from positive to negative, hence from the hydrogen towards the oxygen atom.

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