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Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead people to rely too much on intuition and common sense. A(n) _____ attitude can more reliably help people answer questions about psychological phenomena.

Answer :

Final answer:

A scientific attitude, characterized by skepticism, critical analysis, and an understanding of cognitive biases like hindsight bias and confirmation bias, can help in answering questions about psychological phenomena more reliably than intuition and common sense.

Explanation:

Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead people to overestimate their intuition and common sense. A scientific attitude can more reliably help people to answer questions about psychological phenomena.

When making decisions or solving problems, it's essential to be aware of cognitive biases like hindsight bias, confirmation bias, and the availability heuristic. These biases can distort our thinking and lead us to incorrect conclusions. Instead of relying on biases or gut reactions, adopting a scientific approach, characterized by epistemic humility and methodical reasoning, can enhance our understanding and yield more accurate judgments. A scientific attitude involves not just a collection of knowledge but a way of thinking that includes skepticism, critical analysis, and a recognition of the limits of one's own expertise, much like the caution suggested against the Dunning-Kruger effect.

This scientific approach is crucial, especially for novices in a field, because our intuitive responses are often influenced by mental shortcuts that do not necessarily lead to the best outcomes. By questioning our automatic thoughts and examining evidence with a critical eye, we can learn to navigate and understand psychological phenomena more effectively.

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