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Answer :
Final answer:
The Chinese Room argument challenges the b) project of strong AI by arguing that a computer program cannot possess consciousness or understanding, focusing on the difference between simulating understanding and actual understanding.
Explanation:
The Chinese Room argument, as proposed by philosopher John Searle, is a challenge to b) the project of strong AI (Artificial Intelligence). This philosophical argument aims to demonstrate that a computer executing a program cannot have a "mind", "understanding", or "consciousness", irrespective of how human-like or intelligently it seems to behave. Searle introduced this thought experiment to distinguish between the mere simulation of understanding a language (as a computer might) and the genuine understanding of it, as humans do.
Therefore, the Chinese Room argument directly challenges the possibility of strong AI—the concept that machines can truly think and understand in a way comparable to human cognition. It does not, however, challenge the utility or the achievements of weak AI, which involves the development of systems designed to perform specific tasks, implying that the correct answer is b) The project of strong AI.
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