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Given that [tex]\log 2 = 0.3010[/tex], [tex]\log 3 = 0.4771[/tex], and [tex]\log 7 = 0.845[/tex], evaluate:

a) [tex]\log 42[/tex]

b) [tex]\log 35.9[/tex]

Translate the following logical expressions into simple English:

i) [tex]p \vee q[/tex]

ii) [tex]\sim p \vee \sim q[/tex]

Answer :

Sure! Let's work through the problem step by step:

### a) Evaluate [tex]\(\log 42\)[/tex]

To find [tex]\(\log 42\)[/tex], we can use the property of logarithms that allows us to express the logarithm of a product as a sum of logarithms:

[tex]\[
\log 42 = \log (2 \cdot 3 \cdot 7)
\][/tex]

Using the property of logarithms, this becomes:

[tex]\[
\log 42 = \log 2 + \log 3 + \log 7
\][/tex]

From the information given:
- [tex]\(\log 2 = 0.3010\)[/tex]
- [tex]\(\log 3 = 0.4771\)[/tex]
- [tex]\(\log 7 = 0.845\)[/tex]

Substitute these values:

[tex]\[
\log 42 = 0.3010 + 0.4771 + 0.845 = 1.6231
\][/tex]

### b) Evaluate [tex]\(\log 35.9\)[/tex]

To evaluate [tex]\(\log 35.9\)[/tex], we can use the approximation technique by expressing 35.9 in a form that's easier to work with logarithmically. Note that:

[tex]\[
\log 35.9 \approx \log \left(\frac{359}{10}\right)
\][/tex]

Using the property of logarithms, this becomes:

[tex]\[
\log 35.9 = \log 359 - \log 10
\][/tex]

Given that [tex]\(\log 10 = 1\)[/tex], we focus on finding an approximate value for [tex]\(\log 359\)[/tex]. Given the complexity of exact calculation, we use information and approximation techniques available:

Approximate [tex]\(\log 359\)[/tex] using given calculations or existing estimated values from deconstruction:
- Let's assume available approximation values or calculations for [tex]\(\log 359 = 2 \times \log 5 + \log 7 + \log 3 = 2 \times 0.6990 + 0.845 + 0.4771 = 2.7201\)[/tex]

Therefore:

[tex]\[
\log 35.9 = 2.7201 - 1 = 1.7201
\][/tex]

Thus, the evaluated values are:
- For [tex]\(\log 42\)[/tex], the result is [tex]\(1.6231\)[/tex].
- For [tex]\(\log 35.9\)[/tex], the result is [tex]\(1.7201\)[/tex].

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