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Answer :
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Intuition, common sense, and moral reasoning all play roles in ethical decision making. Intuition helps us navigate novel and difficult ethical choices, while common sense relies on basic facts and knowledge. Moral reasoning involves critical thinking and evaluating different perspectives. Being self-aware, open-minded, and willing to challenge our intuitions are crucial in ethical decision-making processes.
Explanation:
Intuition in Ethical Decision Making
When faced with novel and difficult ethical choices, our personal intuition plays a significant role. Intuition refers to the ability to understand or know something immediately without the need for conscious reasoning. In the context of ethical decision making, intuition helps us navigate complex moral dilemmas where there may not be a clear answer.
Consider the example of the trolley dilemma, a classic ethical scenario where a person must choose between diverting a trolley to kill one person or allowing it to continue and kill five people. In such cases, relying on personal intuition can help guide us when there are no established rules or ethical frameworks to rely on.
Our intuition is shaped by our moral faculty, which has evolved over millions of years as social mammals. It reflects our common inheritance and guides our intuitive judgments of right and wrong. However, it's important to note that intuition is not infallible. It can be influenced by cultural factors and personal biases, so it should be complemented with critical thinking and reflection.
The Role of Common Sense and Moral Reasoning
In addition to intuition, common sense and moral reasoning also contribute to ethical decision making. Common sense refers to basic facts or common knowledge that adults should possess, based on direct sense perception. It helps us make informed decisions by relying on fundamental truths.
Moral reasoning, on the other hand, involves the use of reason and critical thinking to analyze ethical issues. It allows us to consider different perspectives and evaluate the consequences of our actions. By engaging in dialectical inquiry and review, humans continuously examine and re-examine moral theories and ethical principles.
The Importance of Self-Awareness and Open-Mindedness
While intuition, common sense, and moral reasoning play crucial roles in ethical decision making, it's essential to remain self-aware and critical. Gut reactions and intuitions can be influenced by external factors and personal biases, especially when encountering new material.
Being open to new ideas and admitting some degree of ignorance are essential in becoming better thinkers. It allows us to challenge our assumptions, question our intuitions, and strive for a more informed and ethical approach to decision making.
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