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A small micro-reactor utilizes thin UO2 plate fuel elements that measure 1x25x25 cm². The fuel elements are sandwiched between layers of steel clad such that there is no gap. What is the temperature drop across the fuel if each fuel plate is to have a surface heat flux of 75,000 W/m²? What is the power density of each fuel plate? Assume 1-D, steady-state heat transfer. Keep in mind how the thickness is defined in rectangular coordinates for the conduction relationships.

Answer :

The temperature drop across the fuel plate is 375,000 K. The power density of each fuel plate is 300,000 W/m³.

To calculate the temperature drop across the fuel plate, we can use the formula for one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction:

Q = kA (dT/dx)

Where:

Q = Heat flux (W/m²)

k = Thermal conductivity (W/m·K)

A = Cross-sectional area (m²)

dT/dx = Temperature gradient (K/m)

Given:

Heat flux (Q) = 75,000 W/m²

Cross-sectional area (A) = 0.01 m² (1 cm x 25 cm)

Thermal conductivity of UO2 (k) = 5.0 W/m·K

We need to calculate the temperature drop (dT/dx) across the fuel plate.

Rearranging the equation:

dT/dx = Q / (k A)

Substituting the given values:

dT/dx = 75,000 W/m² / (5.0 W/m·K × 0.01 m²)

Simplifying the equation:

dT/dx = 1,500,000 K/m

The temperature drop (dT) across the fuel plate is the temperature gradient multiplied by the thickness (x):

dT = (dT/dx)x

Given that the thickness of the fuel plate is 25 cm = 0.25 m, we can calculate the temperature drop:

dT = (1,500,000 K/m) × 0.25 m

dT = 375,000 K

Therefore, the temperature drop across the fuel plate is 375,000 K.

Now, let's calculate the power density of each fuel plate.

Power density is defined as the power per unit volume. In this case, we can calculate it as the heat flux divided by the thickness:

Power density = Q / x

Substituting the given values:

Power density = 75,000 W/m² / 0.25 m

Power density = 300,000 W/m³

Therefore, the power density of each fuel plate is 300,000 W/m³.

To know more about temperature:

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Rewritten by : Jeany